첫 호주인 여선교사 벨레 멘지스
The First Australian Woman Missionary Belle Menzies
차례 Contents
발간사 신충우
격려의 글 피터 필립스
축하의 글 황명하
축하의 글 심옥주
저자의 글 양명득
1부 멘지스의 편지, 보고서, 신문기사, 사진
2부 호주선교사 벨레 멘지스
Encouragement Message
On behalf of the Presbyterian Church of Victoria, I congratulate Dr Myong Duk Yang and the Busanjin Church on the publication of this record of the missionary service of Miss Belle Menzies in Korea, and for releasing it to coincide with her receiving the Korean Government Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs 'Award for Persons of Distinguished Service to National Independence' for her contribution to education in Korea and to Korean independence.
The publication of this history and the honour bestowed by the Korean Government on Belle Menzies, together with Margaret Davies and Daisy Hocking, fellow missionaries, is a great encouragement to the Presbyterian Women’s Missionary Union (PWMU). For love for the people of Korea and especially the women, the PWMU sent her to Korea in 1891 to serve in the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ. The PWMU rejoices in the faithfulness of God and the fruitfulness of the labours of Miss Menzies and those who served with her in telling the gospel, in caring for orphans and in the education and training of women, and in helping shape Korea as an independent nation.
We are thankful to be reminded that Miss Menzies believed that ‘to elevate a nation, wives and mothers must be educated’, and that in October 1895 she opened the Busanjin Ilsin Girls’ School, the first girls’ school in Busan, with herself as its first Principal. Her zeal for education then extended to patriotism and agitation for Korean freedom from Japanese colonial rule and the imposition of worship at Shinto shrines upon Koreans – and in March 11, 1919, she, together with the then principal of the school, Margaret Davies and educational missionary Daisy Hocking, a teacher at the school and many of its students, were arrested and imprisoned for waving Korean national flags and shouting ‘Long live Korean independence!’ on the main road of Jwacheon-dong.
We give thanks to God for faithful service of Belle Menzies to the people of Korea and the well-deserved honour bestowed on her and her fellow missionaries by the Government of Korea, and for the faithful recording of Belle’s service, so that generations yet to come might be inspired to follow her example in loving and serving the Lord Jesus Christ. We pray that God's Word and Spirit may continue to shape Korean society; that the Korean church may remain faithful to the Word of God, and that Korea may be united in peace and freedom. As the Lord sent Belle Menzies and her co-workers to Korea with the gospel, so may He send Koreans to other peoples to bless them with the unchanging good news of his love in Christ Jesus.
Peter Phillips
Moderator, Presbyterian Church of Victoria
January 2022
격려의 글
호주선교사 벨레 멘지스에 관한 도서를 출간한 부산진교회와 양명득 박사께 빅토리아장로교회를 대신하여 축하드립니다. 특히 이번 출판은 멘지스를 독립유공자로 인정한 한국 정부의 훈장 포상과 시기가 맞추어져 더 의미가 있습니다.
한국 정부가 벨레 멘지스와 그녀의 동료 마가렛 데이비스와 데이지 호킹의 한국에서의 교육과 민족 독립의 공헌을 인정한 것은 그들을 파송했던 빅토리아여선교연합회(이하 연합회)에게 큰 격려가 됩니다. 한국인과 특히 한국 여성들을 사랑하여 연합회는 예수 그리스도의 복음을 전하고자 1891년 그녀를 한국으로 파송하였습니다. 연합회는 멘지스와 동료들이 수고한 열매와 하나님의 신실함 속에 기뻐하는바, 그들은 복음을 전하고, 고아들을 돌보며, 그 소녀들을 교육하고 훈련하여 한국이 독립된 나라가 되도록 도왔습니다.
‘국가가 발전되려면 아내와 어머니들이 교육을 받아야 한다’고 멘지스가 믿었던 것을 상기합니다. 1895년 10월 그녀는 부산진일신여학교를 개교하여 교장이 되었는데, 이것은 부산에서 첫 여학교였습니다. 교육에 대한 그녀의 열정은 일본의 압제와 신사참배 강요에서 해방하려는 한국인의 애국심과 독립운동으로 확장되었습니다.
1919년 3월 11일, 멘지스와 당시 교장이었던 마가렛 데이비스, 교육선교사 데이지 호킹, 한 교사와 학생들은 좌천동의 대로에서 한국 국기를 흔들며 ‘대한독립 만세’를 외쳤다는 이유로 체포되고 구금되었습니다.
한국인들을 위한 벨레 멘지스와 동료들의 신실한 헌신과 그 공로를 인정한 한국 정부로 인하여 우리는 하나님께 감사합니다. 그리고 한 권의 책으로 나온 그녀에 관한 기록을 통하여 그리스도를 사랑하고 섬긴 그녀의 모범이 후세들에게 영감이 되기를 바랍니다.
하나님의 말씀과 영이 계속하여 한국 사회를 형성하기를 우리는 기도하며, 한국교회가 하나님의 말씀에 신실하며, 나라가 평화와 자유 속에 하나가 되기를 바랍니다. 벨레 멘지스와 그녀의 동료들을 주님께서 한국으로 보낸 것처럼, 한국인들도 타인에게 보냄을 받아 예수 그리스도의 불변하는 복음으로 그들을 축복하기를 기원합니다.
피터 필립스
빅토리아장로교회 총회장
2022년 1월
Korean Awards for three early Australian Women Missionaries
March 21, 2022
Three Australian missionaries from Victoria have been recognized by the government of the Republic of Korea for the independence movement in Korea in 1919 and awarded the Medal of Honour of the Republic of Korea. They are Isabella (Belle) Menzies, founder of the Busanjin Ilsin Girl’s school (now Dongrae Women’s High School), Margaret Davies, then principal of the school and Daisy Hocking, a teacher at the school. These medals will be presented to representatives of the families of these women by the Ambassador of the Republic of Korea at a function to be held in The Scots’ Church Melbourne on the 3rd of May 2022 commencing at 6.45pm.
To mark the awarding of this honour to Miss Menzies, Dr Myong Duk Yang and the Busanjin Presbyterian Church have released his latest publication, The First Australian Woman Missionary in Korea, a record of her missionary service in Korea, and on behalf of the Presbyterian Church of Victoria, I congratulate Dr Myong Duk Yang and the Busanjin Presbyterian church on this timely and significant work.
Following the untimely death in 1889 of the Rev Joseph Davies, the first Australian missionary to Korea, the women of the Presbyterian Church of Victoria banded together in 1890 to form the Presbyterian Women’s Missionary Union of Victoria (PWMU). In 1891 the PWMU sent the first of the many missionaries it would send to Korea in the years thereafter – Belle Menzies, Bessie Moore and Agnes Brown. Belle Menzies served in Korea for 33 years from 1891, performing local missions, children’s education, care of orphans, relief work, and more – but perhaps her most significant contribution to Korea and Korean culture was in the realm of women’s education. At that time the education of women in Korea was downplayed or neglected, and Belle, a great believer in the uplifting of women by education, and in education as a means to furthering the gospel of the Lord Jesus, established the Busanjin Ilsin Girl’s School and became its first principal.
In 1910 Japan imposed an annexation treaty on Korea. Japanese colonial rule in Korea was oppressive, including the imposition by force of Shinto worship upon the population, including Christians. This oppression gave rise to many Korean resistance movements which culminated in the nationwide March 1st Movement of 1919. This movement was supported by the students and staff of the Busanjin Ilsin Girl’s School, and Belle Menzies, Margaret Davies and Daisy Hocking were arrested and detained. Belle Menzies was charged with destroying evidence, including burning a tai chi that she had made; Margaret Davies was investigated by the police for directing the students during the independence movement, and teacher Daisy Hocking was arrested and prosecuted for violating security laws after joining the students.
Following a joint investigation by the Korea Women’s Independence Movement Institute and the Gwangbok Society’s Australian Branch and in connection with the marking of the 60th anniversary of normalization of relationships between the Republic of Korea and Australia, in 2021 the government of the Republic of Korea awarded each of these women the ‘Award for Persons of Distinguished Service to National Independence’. These medals were presented at an official ceremony in Korea on the 1st of March 2022, but due to COVID-19 restrictions no one from Australia could be there to receive the medals. The government of the Republic of Korea therefore invited the PWMU to arrange a function in Melbourne for the presentation of the medals to representatives of their families. Given the importance of this matter to the whole Presbyterian Church of Victoria, the function will be a joint PWMU/PCV occasion in the Scots’ Church, Melbourne, May 3, 2022, from 6:45 till 8:15 with supper to follow in the Werner Brodbeck Hall next door.
We give thanks to God for the faithful service of Belle Menzies, Margaret Davies, Daisy Hocking and the many other faithful missionaries from Australia to the people of Korea and the well-deserved honour bestowed on her and her fellow missionaries by the Republic of Korea. We also welcome the faithful recording of Belle’s service by Dr Myong Duk Yang and the Busanjin Presbyterian Church, that generations yet to come might be inspired to follow her example in loving and serving the Lord Jesus Christ. We pray that God’s Word and Spirit may continue to shape Korean society; that the Korean church may remain faithful to the Word of God, and that Korea may be united in peace and freedom. As the Lord sent Belle Menzies and her co-workers to Korea with the gospel, so may he send Koreans to other peoples to bless them with the unchanging good news of his love in Christ Jesus.
Peter Phillips
Moderator of the General Assembly
Presbyterian Church in Australia
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